Tuesday, August 25, 2020

Disaster Response

The part of calamity has been a predominant quality inside any cultural setting. The quality of the general public towards this has been given by different procedures displayed as calamity the executives systems. Each people group has been in this manner at an anticipated danger of impact by different originations of calamities. Be that as it may, the achievement of any catastrophe the board procedure is a commendation of different stages. Moderation is the way toward picking up the information about the fiasco and creating potential proportions of maintaining a strategic distance from the dangers involved.It in this way includes an evaluation of the likely dangers which could influence oneself, property of family. It is the compound of both auxiliary just as non basic procedures and measures that are taken towards restricting the effects held by the fiasco (John, 2005). Readiness is the procedure whose point is essentially to forestall the event of the catastrophe. It exacerbates th e readiness of the methods and supplies which could be utilized when the calamity happens. Fiasco reaction infers the plausible techniques for satisfying and giving the fundamental and sufficient compassionate needs that are of significance to those affected.It consequently oversees the structures of giving help and help to the influenced people to embraced influential procedure in driving out from the emergency. Debacle recuperation process comes after the conceivable quick dangers and impacts to individuals have died down. It infers reestablishing the influenced property and individuals to their previous condition of living by providing the exceptionally fundamental necessities and making conditions for a proceeded with life. (John, 2005) In my locale, readiness towards fiasco has been a significant job. Different structures, approaches and procedures have been established to keep away from and manage risks.Various forms have been created to make potential conditions that keep dan gers from their event. It has utilized mass sterilization, crisis clearing forms, isolates, creating crisis structures for the help of reconstructing and supporting the general public after these events above other key measures. At my own level, I have been committed in making moral mindfulness on the standards and codes of dangers alleviations. This is by giving strong procedures that illuminate the general public about the potential measures in a debacle control (John, 2005).

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Experiential Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Experiential Analysis - Assignment Example The association, Med life, a little organization in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia offers medicinal services administrations to patients and others who are needing clinical assistance. It is a wellbeing association engaged with dealing with wiped out patients brought into the clinical focus, guaranteeing that they get the best consideration that can be concurred to them, lastly guaranteeing that the conditions where they live in are favorable and clean. Medications life has an administrator whose job is to guarantee that the activities of the clinical focus are exceptionally effective without any issues. The director is in direct correspondence with the secretary and the money related colleague. The secretary has the job of guaranteeing that all the information of all patients is appropriately reported and documented to evade the loss of urgent information particularly tolerant data. The money related partner guarantees that every monetary record that identify with quiet consideration are appropriately saved for simple recovery and responsibility. In addition, he likewise investigates the benefit of the association so as to keep away from chapter 11. Examination Gender can be portrayed as being socially and mentally built through the family, social just as instructive settings. The job of sexual orientation in working environment correspondence has been talked about a great deal previously and the investigations show that people have altogether different methods of imparting. In the time that I went through at Med time on earth I understood that the male partners would in general be forceful and consistently seemed to be instructing during correspondence. From examine, I understood that correspondence that is prove by male associates in the work environment is a lot of forcefulness, the propensity to hinder others when they are talking, and the inclination to attempt to shroud their feelings when imparting. The male sex is described with the traits of solidarity, in tensity, hazard taking, and freedom in the entirety of their correspondences (Barrett and Davidson, 2006). As per transformative brain research examines, men convey forcefully, interfere with others during discussions, and attempt such a great amount to shroud their feelings. These three viewpoints are valuable in mate choice and it is unavoidable for men to evade this subconscious want even in a conference (Mian, 2013). In the association, ladies partners were for the most part passionate individuals and this is very much exemplified by an episode that happened once in the association. A kindred female partner was overpowered by her duties in the organization and at home. True to form she imparted her sentiments to an associate and she clarified that she probably won't stay aware of the weight. The supervisor who caught this discussion expected that the female specialist was lazing near and should forgo talking about close to home issues during working hours. From inquire about, la dies are described as enthusiastic and along these lines will in general participate in expressive talks and this includes the propensity to set up closeness and closeness and fabricate understanding just as compassion through their correspondence. As per Babcock (2003), â€Å"Women regularly stress more than men over the effect their activities will have on their connections. This can incite them to change their conduct to ensure individual associations, at times by requesting things in a roundabout way, some of the time by requesting short of what they truly need, and some of the time attempting to be all the more meriting what

Saturday, August 1, 2020

How to Deal With Stress-Related Insomnia

How to Deal With Stress-Related Insomnia Stress Management Effects on Health Print How to Deal With Stress-Related Insomnia By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on January 28, 2020 How Stress Impacts Your Health Overview Signs of Burnout Stress and Weight Gain Benefits of Exercise Stress Reduction Tips Self-Care Practices Mindful Living Kai/Aflo / Getty Images Are you stressed enough over finances, your job, relationship conflict or other stressors that youre experiencing insomnia? Youre not alone! While sleep researchers generally agree that insomnia prevalence statistics vary because of the criteria used to define insomnia, at any one time about one-third of adults sampled will experience some form of insomnia,?? either difficulty going to sleep, trouble staying asleep, or insomnia so severe that it disrupts daytime activities. New diagnostic  criteria for  insomnia  released in 2020 reinforce the connections between  insomnia, anxiety, and depression.?? Although not always stress-related, these associations with mental health and the pace of daily living make insomnia an important topic for us to discuss here. Because sleep is so important to overall health, insomnia can affect your life in many ways.?? A sleep deficit can make you feel mentally slower and more emotional, which can exacerbate your experience of stress. Dealing with lasting insomnia can cause stress, too, which can lead to more stress-related insomnia. And, if your insomnia is stress-related to begin with, being overly tired and stressed does nothing to help solve the problems creating the stress in the first place. Here are a few things to try if you are dealing with stress-related insomnia. Progressive Muscle Relaxation Tension in your body can make it difficult to sleep. While people often dont even realize when theyre stressed about something, their bodies are feeling the stress, and are tensed up as a result. Progressive muscle relaxation?? has been an accepted evidence-based treatment for insomnia for twenty years. PMR is a great tool for de-stressing your body. (As a kid, I used this technique to relax, and actually bored myself to sleep with it.) Journaling If you find yourself waking up in the night because you cant stop thinking about something thats causing you stress during the day, journaling may be an effective technique for you. The act of journaling?? carries several health and stress management benefits. In this context journaling can help you clear your mind, process strong emotions that are causing you to lose sleep, and brainstorm and construct plans that can help you manage the situations causing you stress. Work Through Your Stress If youre losing sleep due to anxiety, you may be able to relax and get better sleep with a change of perspective. Anxiety, including the type that keeps you up at night, is often a natural response to situations that need some sort of action. Viewing your situation as a challenge to be faced, rather than a threat, can help you get into an active, decision-making mode rather than remain in an anxious, passive state. Looking at a situation from different angles can help you see opportunities you may have missed. Cognitive restructuring can help you change your perspective?? on a stressful situation. Take the Pressure off Sleep As mentioned, when losing sleep becomes a regular occurrence, bedtime itself can become stressful. If youve reached this point, there are a few things you can do to take the stress off insomnia. First, if youre having trouble sleeping, you might want to get up and do something after a few minutes, when youre sure that sleep is a long way off. (This helps take the pressure off watching the clock for hours, and can help you feel more in control of your time as you engage in other activities.) Its also a good idea to use your bedroom primarily for sleep  so that you associate your bed and your bedroom with sleep and not stress. Think of getting up and reading a book, getting things done around the house, and doing other not-too-stimulating activities that can help foster sleep when youre ready. Also, avoid caffeine during the afternoon and evening. Dont Do It Alone Many people who suffer from insomnia do not seek help. This is unfortunate because several interventions can help with insomnia, including cognitive-behavioral therapy and medication, and can help you take charge of stress-related insomnia. If youre experiencing persistent insomnia, consider talking to your doctor about your options.

Friday, May 22, 2020

The Five Key Aspects Of Theoretical Orientation Essay

The five key aspects of theoretical orientation to development include: psychoanalytic, cognitive, behavior and social cognitive, ethological, and ecological. Each one of these happen to contribute an important piece to the life-span development puzzle. Although some of these theories may contradict the others they all work together to make us understand the things that happen throughout life. Together the coincide to let us see the total picture of development and the great things that come along with it. Psychoanalytic theories describe development as primarily unconscious and heavily colored by emotion. Psychoanalytic theorists emphasize that behavior is merely a surface characteristic and that true understanding of development requires analyzing the symbolic meanings of behavior and the deep inner workings of the mind. They also stress that the experiences children have with their parents earlier on in life shape development. The psychoanalytic theory highlighted by Sigmund Freud who was born in 1856 and died in 1939. As he listened to and examine his parents he was influenced they were the result of experiences early in life. He thought that as children grow up, their focus of pleasure and sexual impulses shifts from the mouth to the anus and eventually to the genitals. As a result, we go through five stages of psychosexual development: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital. The oral stage is when the infant’s pleasure centers on the mouth, the anal stage is whenShow Mo reRelatedTheoretical Orientation At Your Field Placement959 Words   |  4 PagesHaving a theoretical orientation is important to our work with individuals, families and treatment groups because it is the framework that will guide our practice. Practitioners may sometimes lose focus of the goals while in session with clients, theoretical orientation helps us to get back on track because it is more structured and goal oriented. We will serve clients of different cultures and norms, backgrounds and environments. Theoretical orientations are just as diverse as our clients whichRead MoreWhy The Practitioner Scholar Model Is Aligned With My Personal And Professional Goals1644 Words   |  7 Pagesdefine the two main training models in the field of psychology, and explain why the Practitioner-Scholar model is aligned with my personal and professional goals. I will also discuss my progress and current level of development in each of the Program’s five goals and competencies. Final ly, I will describe my plan for self-care in the future to ensure I continue to stay positive and motivated to be the best clinician I can be. Program Models There are two main training models utilized at the graduateRead MoreThe School Of Thought And The Field Of Psychology1555 Words   |  7 Pagesof an intentional relationship built on mutual trust and respect (Journal Psyche, 2015). During the beginning of his career, Rogers began his psychological practices without a set theoretical orientation. He considered this to be an advantage in developing his own ideas and known to experiment with a variety of theoretical approaches to develop his own humanistic concept (Hall, 1997). When working in his position at the Rochester Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, found his clientsRead MoreA Brief Note On Facilitation And Self Assessment1593 Words   |  7 PagesFacilitation Skills Self-Assessment, I have 14 competent and good skills and 9 skills requiring improvement. For Level 1, I have good skills in time management, active group participation and clear and accurate note taking but need to learn the theoretical foundations of facilitation. For Level 2, I am competent in goal setting, feedback, exit surveys and friendly questioning and good skills at consensus, closure and progress monitoring. I need to work on concepts around decision-making approa chesRead MoreIntroduction And Theoretical Explanation Of The Management Principle1407 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction And Theoretical Explanation Of The Management Principle - Organising It is my aim within this essay to introduce, define, and theoretically explain the management principle that is organising. Paramount to explaining organising it is important to understand the characteristics that are often used to describe management such as: goal orientation, decision-maker, activity integration, and connective processes. Each characteristic represents an important managerial concept; take for exampleRead MoreOrganizational Behavior Concepts: General Electric2127 Words   |  9 PagesOrganizational Behavior Concepts: ï ¿ ½ PAGE * MERGEFORMAT ï ¿ ½9ï ¿ ½ Organizational Behavior Concepts: General Electric William Ward Axia College MGT245 Thomas Jankowski June 1, 2008 ï ¿ ½ ï ¿ ½ Introduction Every business has a set of key characteristics or values that make up an organizational culture which is unique to its business. Organizational behavior examines the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge towardRead MoreOrganisational Behaviour1542 Words   |  7 PagesThere are four theoretical approaches of organizational behaviours which are classical, systems, human relations and contingency approaches that used in management but not certain to use just one approach in a company. It is because every company has different circumstances during various periods. But management have to understand about the main features of each approach to make the best decision. Classical Approach Firstly, classical approach emphasis on the planning of the work, the technicalRead MoreThe Presence Of Nurse Practitioners1734 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Purpose and Background The presence of nurse practitioners (NP) in health care has been necessary for more than five decades. The American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP) indicates that there are over 205,000 NPs in the United States being utilized by Americans for their health care needs (AANP, 2015). NPs are a vital part of the modern health care system and are accepted by both health care consumers and other health care providers (Fairman, 2015). A study performedRead MoreCase Study Analysis 4: a Tale of Two Coaches Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pagesobstacles, clarifying expectations, and making the work more satisfying and rewarding. Leaders who adapt their style to the situation or the motivational needs of the follower can produce more successful outcomes (Northouse, 2010). The key considerations of this theoretical perspective will be analyzed in the leadership styles of two coaches, Coach Bobby Knight, and Coach Mike Krzyzewski (Coach K.). Coach Knight and Coach K. shared a similar follower directive; do not do anything that could be damagingRead MoreThe Application Of Mobile Technologies For Public Health1704 Words   |  7 PagesThis study consists of two key health promotion features which are awareness creation and health seeking behavior and both translates to behavior change which is fundamental to effective practice of public health. The key elements that influences behavior change are raising awareness of a threat which motivates people to seek information with perception that a recommended positive response will prevent the threat from happening and personal confidence that the threat will be averted. The application

Sunday, May 10, 2020

Presentation And Discussion Of Data Essay - 1630 Words

VI. Presentation Discussion of â€Å"Data† Dyslexia is more prevalent in society than this author even knew prior to conducting this research. According to Austin Learning Solutions, 1 in 10 Americans are dyslexic in some capacity. Public opinion about dyslexia has perhaps kept many from seeking help, as 80% of Americans associate dyslexia with some form of retardation. (Austin, 2015) However negatively our society might look at dyslexics, no particular community is less vulnerable to dyslexia than any other. Learning Inside-Out found that the ratio of dyslexic to non-dyslexic persons among diverse ethnic and socioeconomic communities is nearly the same. (Learning) Similarly, men and women are equally as vulnerable, with a 1.5:1 ratio (m:w) as of 2009. (Fletcher, 2009) Currently, the genetic factor in developmental dyslexia is unequivocal according to the International Dyslexia Association, who estimate that 33% of children born to a dyslexic parent will present symptoms as t hey begin language learning. (IDA, 2015) Given these statistics, it would seem that the â€Å"exceptional learner† can hardly be marginalized for much longer. They (we) are too great in number to still be considered the minority of learners. Our society has also been propelled forward by many famous dyslexics, including Albert Einstein, whose work re-conceptualized our modern view of the cosmos. (Austin, 2015) We should also acknowledge the work of Leonardo DaVinci, Galileo, Alexander Graham Bell, ThomasShow MoreRelatedData Analysis, Presentation And Discussion Of Result Essay7050 Words   |  29 PagesCHAPTER FOUR DATA ANALYSIS, PRESENTATION AND DISCUSSION OF RESULT 4.1 INTRODUCTION The quality of a research work depends on the validity of the research work. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Negative Impacts Free Essays

Industry production systems are unsustainable which can also have negative Impacts on environments. In response, there has been a rapid growth aimed at getting industry to â€Å"clean up its act†, because enforcement of the environment is growing up only slowly. In addition, the environmental and social performance of enterprises has Increasingly been used as a factor In deciding whether to do business with them, and this means that environmental demands are being made on enterprises. We will write a custom essay sample on Negative Impacts or any similar topic only for you Order Now The methodology to be adopted will basically be with relevant, recognizing that they must adapt to the environmental demands made of heir products or of their manufacturing procedures, and to do this they need companies that can offer specialized services relating to the development of various management systems and products. The response to the problems outlined Lies In enabling output to continue to grow while minimizing growth in inputs of materials and energy, and they can support the establishment of institutions meeting the standards in monitoring the development of environment related In affecting trade, identify gaps In normative laws and regulations and other policies which promote of Industry especially In the support yester by promoting the establishment of specialized enterprises in the 1 org knowledge and skills in enterprises to public-private partnerships in the environment field. Agile Noreen A. Bossily 2012103039 2 The view to the above mentioned, focuses on the paths to industrial development; efficient use of non-energy raw materials and of recycled industrial and non-industrial wastes; adoption of relevant products and technologies to meet environmental standards; adoption of environmental and related management systems with a view to entry into global value chains; and creation of businesses that an offer services. This concludes some challenges faced by some industries to properly utilize resources, which somehow gives opportunities. 4 Introduction ? Table of Contents Definition of Industrial Development 2 Table of Contents 5 Main Body How Industrial Development Through the Years Affect How Industrial Development Made Life Easier Conclusion 11 References ? 12 4 Introduction The unsustainable patterns of industrial development may not have been appreciated until quite recently, it has been recognized since the start of the industrial revolution that ente rprises can have obvious and visible impacts on their local communities and environments. As a response to these manifest health and environmental impacts, the last 40 years have seen an unparalleled growth in environmental matter. There has been a growing determination by different stakeholders in the developed countries to use the environmental and social performance of enterprises as a factor in deciding whether to do business with them. The first to feel this pressure are often the transitional corporations and other large companies, but they in turn are exerting a similar pressure on their suppliers. As a result of the globalization of trade, many of these are now located in developing countries. This paper explores in more detail these challenges and opportunities on how can enterprises in these countries become greener and shrink their environmental footprint, while at the same time continuing to grow and deliver goods, services and Jobs to their populations? What were the advantages and disadvantages of industrialization? Answers to these questions must take into account one overriding imperative: that industries need to grow. Industrial development is the only mechanism that will enable developing countries to reduce he level of poverty and hardship they face. This conclusion offers a strategy for the development aid community, which is designed to help developing countries bridge the gap between the present and the future. 6 Industrial development any development of an industrial nature. The industrial revolution led to the development of factories for large-scale production, with consequent changes in society. Originally the factories were steam-powered, but later transitioned to electricity once an electrical grid was developed. The mechanized assembly line was introduced to assemble arts in a repeatable fashion, with individual workers performing specific steps during the process. This led to significant increases in efficiency, lowering the cost of the end process. Later automation was increasingly used to replace human operators. This process has accelerated with the development of the computer and the robot. 7 How Economic Development Through the Years Affect the Environment The economic development through the years affected the environment by the increase in population, industrialization started, and the shortage of nonrenewable energy sources. The increase in population means that ore forest and rain forest will be destroyed to make more room for the people to live. Destroying rain forests are bad because forest alone produces 40% of the world’s oxygen. There are now a lot of industries around the world but even though there are so many, it is a big burden to the environment. The burning of gasoline and coal produces carbon dioxide that, over time, has settled in a layer in the earth’s upper atmosphere. This creates a situation know as greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is a situation in which an excess of carbon dioxide in the earth’s upper atmosphere lets the sun’s rays through but traps heat close to the earth’s surface. Nonrenewable energy resources might run out. This might occur because of the increase and demand in oil which is the basic necessity we all use. We use oil for multiple proposes. Since industries use oil and coal a lot it will eventually pollute everything and will cause acid rain which pollutes the stream. These were some examples of how economic development can led to disasters for the environment. There might be a smudge of a change that this will not happen, but, it is guaranteed that those things would happen. Especially that global warming is already taking place. 8 How Industrial Development Made Life Easier? It would Just be unbearable to think that life would be better without the Industrial Revolution. All the inventions that were invented back then are used all the time. The inventions have greatly changed society. The light bulb was made to create light that would last for a long time and that could be used anywhere. In today’s society, people just makes it easier to see anywhere whenever it’s the daytime or night time. â€Å"Edition’s eventual achievement was inventing not Just an incandescent electric light, but also an electric lighting system that contained all the elements necessary to make the incandescent light practical, safe, and economical. Before it was created, human beings had to use fire and now you’re able to Just turn the light switch on and you automatically have whatever lighted. Louis Daggered invented the first camera Just to capture things for memory. The camera was invented to capture a picture of anything you wanted to save as a mem ory. In today’s world, people use the camera during many special occasions to remember that specific day. It helps a lot because so many people can enjoy or see what an occasion was like even if they weren’t there by looking at the pictures. George Stephenson first attempted to create the first locomotive since others who tried failed. The locomotive was invented to try and succeed in an invention but lead to more better things. In today’s society, we use the transportation for many reasons. We use it to haul cargo and 9 transport people to many places. â€Å"It was now that George Stephenson, about twenty years of age, set about the construction of his first locomotive. As we before stated, the want of good and skillful workmen was a great Arabica. Before it was invented, it was more difficult to transport anything to different locations. The period of the Industrial Revolution greatly contributed to the world. It was a revolution which helped everyone in a positive way no matter what the situation was to them. Society became easier and less hard to live by having many inventions do our hard work for us. 10 Conclusion The Industrial development was a mixed blessing. It has its advantages and disadvantages; throu gh this study I was able to appreciate the efforts of the inventors Just to make our life easier and more comfortable. Throughout those years everything were created and studied well, yet we were not able to see the needs of our environment while we were all happy inventing and making technologies as much as we want. The industries were able to brought countries and people together. There was an international awareness among people because developments in one country influenced the others, there were better transport, communications and mechanized goods made life comfortable for man. Unfortunately cities became crowded, smoky, with problems of slums, housing, sanitation, accidents and epidemics. How to cite Negative Impacts, Papers

Wednesday, April 29, 2020

The Symptoms and Signs of PDDNOS Essay Example For Students

The Symptoms and Signs of PDDNOS Essay Generally, children are 3 to 4 years old before they exhibit enough symptoms for parents to seek a diagnosis. There is no set pattern of symptoms and signs in children with PDDNOS. It is important to realize that a very wide range of diversity is seen in children with PDDNOS. All the items of behavior described in this section are common in these children, but a single child seldom shows all the features at one time. In other words, all children with PDDNOS do not have the same degree or intensity of the disorder. PDDNOS can be mild, with the child exhibiting a few symptoms while in the school or neighborhood environment. We will write a custom essay on The Symptoms and Signs of PDDNOS specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Other children may have a more severe form of PDDNOS and have difficulties in all areas of their lives. Because of the possibility that PDDNOS and Autistic Disorder are on a continuum, many clinical features described in the following section are very similar to those being described in the literature for Autistic Disorder. Some infants with PDDNOS tend to avoid eye contact and demonstrate little interest in the human voice. They do not usually put up their arms to be picked up in the way that typical children do. They may seem indifferent to affection and seldom show facial responsiveness. As a result, parents often think the child is deaf. In children with fewer delays, lack of social responsiveness may not be obvious until well into the second or third year of life. In early childhood, children with PDDNOS may continue to show a lack of eye contact, but they may enjoy a tickle or may passively accept physical contact. They do not develop typical attachment behavior, and there may seem to be a failure to bond. Generally, they do not follow their parents about the house. The majority do not show normal separation or stranger anxiety. These children may approach a stranger almost as readily as they do their parents. Many such children show a lack of interest in being with or playing with other children. They may even actively avoid other children. In middle childhood, such children may develop a greater awareness or attachment to parents and other familiar adults. However, social difficulties continue. They still have problems with group games and forming peer relationships. Some of the children with less severe PDDNOS may become involved in other childrens games. As these children grow older, they may become affectionate and friendly with their parents and siblings. However, they still have difficulty understanding the complexity of social relationships. Some individuals with less severe impairments may have a desire for friendships. But a lack of response to other peoples interests and emotions, as well as a lack of understanding of humor, often results in these youngsters saying or doing things that can slow the development of friendships. Impairment in Nonverbal Communication In early childhood, children with PDDNOS may develop the concrete gesture of pulling adults by the hand to the object that is wanted. They often do this without the typical accompanying facial expression. They seldom nod or shake their heads to substitute for or to accompany speech. Children with PDDNOS generally do not participate in games that involve imitation. They are less likely than typical children to copy their parents activity. In middle and late childhood, such children may not frequently use gestures, even when they understand other peoples gestures fairly well. Some children do develop imitative play, but this tends to be repetitive. Generally, children with PDDNOS are able to show joy, fear, or anger, but they may only show the extreme of emotions. .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed , .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed .postImageUrl , .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed , .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed:hover , .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed:visited , .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed:active { border:0!important; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed:active , .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u72b4707b33538a551a03b8b8fe8aefed:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Atomic Bomb EssayThey often do not use facial expressions that ordinarily show subtle emotion. Comprehension of speech in children with PDDNOS is impaired to varying degrees, depending on where the child is within the wide spectrum of PDDNOS. Individuals with PDDNOS who also have mental retardation may never develop more than a limited understanding of speech. Children who have less severe impairments may follow simple instructions if given in an immediate context or with the aid of gestures (e. g. , telling the child to put your glass on the counter, while pointing to the counter). When impairment is mild, only the comprehension of subtle or abstract meanings may be affected. Humor, sarcasm, and common sayings (e. g. , its raining cats and dogs) can be confusing for individuals with the most mild PDDNOS. Many infants with PDDNOS do not babble, or may begin to babble in their first year but then stop. When the child develops speech, he or she often exhibits abnormalities. Echolalia (seemingly meaningless repetition of words or phrases) may be the only kind of speech some children acquire. Though echolalic speech might be produced quite accurately, the child may have limited comprehension of the meaning. In the past, it was thought that echolalia had no real function. More recent studies have found that echolalia can serve several functions, such as self-stimulation (when a child says words or phrases repeatedly without a communicative purposejust because it feels good); as a step between a child being nonverbal and verbal; or as a way to communicate (Prizant Rydell, 1993). Other children develop the appropriate use of phrases copied from others. This is often accompanied by pronoun reversal in the early stages of language development. For instance, when the child is asked How are you? he or she may answer You are fine. The actual production of speech may be impaired. The childs speech may be like that of a robot, characterized by a monotonous, flat delivery with little change in pitch, change of emphasis, or emotional expression. Problems of pronunciation are common in young children with PDDNOS, but these often diminish as the child gets older. There may be a striking contrast between clearly enunciated echolalic speech and poorly pronounced spontaneous speech. Some children have a chanting or singsong speech, with odd prolongation of sounds, syllables, and words. A question-like intonation may be used for statements. Odd breathing rhythms may produce staccato speech in some children. Abnormal grammar is frequently present in the spontaneous speech of verbal children with PDDNOS. As a result: phrases may be telegraphic (brief and monotone) and distorted; words of similar sound or related meaning may be muddled; some objects may be labeled by their use; prepositions, conjunctions, and pronouns may be dropped from phrases or used incorrectly. When children with PDDNOS do develop functional speech, they may not use it in ordinary ways. Such children tend to rely on repetitive phrases. Their speech does not usually convey imagination, abstraction, or subtle emotion. They generally have difficulty talking about anything outside of the immediate context. They may talk excessively about their special interests, and they may talk about the same pieces of information whenever the same subject is raised. The most able persons can exchange concrete pieces of information that interest them, but once the conversation departs from this level, they can become lost and may withdraw from social contact. Ordinary to-and-fro conversational chatter is lacking. Thus, they give the impression of talking at someone, rather than with someone. The unusual responses of children with PDDNOS to the environment take several forms. Many children are upset by changes in the familiar environment. Even a minor change of everyday routine may lead to tantrums. Some children line up toys or objects and become very distressed if these are disturbed. Efforts to teach new activities may be resisted. Ritualistic or compulsive behaviors usually involve rigid routines (e. g. insistence on eating particular foods) or repetitive acts, such as hand flapping or finger mannerisms (e. g. , twisting, flicking movements of hands and fingers carried out near the face). Some children develop preoccupations; they may spend a great deal of time memorizing weather information, state capitals, or birth dates of family members. Some children develop intense attachments to odd objects, such as pipe cleaners, batteries, or film canisters. Some children may have a preoccupation with certain features of favored objects, such as their texture, taste, smell, or shape. .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 , .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 .postImageUrl , .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 , .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64:hover , .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64:visited , .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64:active { border:0!important; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64:active , .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64 .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u690e4999ced9cb97fd5734e235096b64:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Diary of Anne Frank EssayUnusual responses to sensory experiences Many children may seem underresponsive or overresponsive to sensory stimuli. Thus, they may be suspected of being deaf or visually impaired. It is common for such young children to be referred for hearing and vision tests. Some children avoid gentle physical contact, yet react with pleasure to rough-and-tumble games. Some children carry food preferences to extremes, with favored foods eaten to excess. Some children limit their diet to a small selection, while others are hearty eaters who do not seem to know when they are full. The typical motor milestones (e. . , throwing, catching, kicking) may be delay ed but are often within the normal range. Young children with PDDNOS usually have difficulty with imitation skills, such as clapping hands. Many such children are very overactive, yet tend to become less overactive in adolescence. Children with PDDNOS may exhibit characteristics such as grimacing, hand flapping or twisting, toe walking, lunging, jumping, darting or pacing, body rocking and swaying, or head rolling or banging. In some cases the behaviors appear only from time to time; in other cases they are present continuously. Generally, children with PDDNOS do very well on tests requiring manipulative or visual skills or immediate memory, while they do poorly on tasks demanding symbolic or abstract thought and sequential logic. The process of learning and thinking in these children is impaired, most particularly in the capacity for imitation, comprehension of spoken words and gestures, flexibility, inventiveness, learning and applying rules, and using acquired information. Yet, a small number of children with PDDNOS show excellent rote memories and special skills in music, mechanics, mathematics, and reading. Because many children with PDDNOS are either without functional speech or otherwise untestable, some people question the validity of testing their intelligence. Moreover, it has been observed that a number of these children show major improvements in other developmental areas during the follow-up period without a change in their tested IQ. Follow-up studies have also shown that retardation present at the time of initial diagnosis tends to persist. Those children with a low IQ show more severely impaired social development. They are more likely to display unusual social responses, such as touching or smelling people, ritualistic behavior, or self-injury. The emotional expression of some children with PDDNOS may be flattened, excessive, or inappropriate to the situation. For no obvious reason, they may scream or sob inconsolably one time, yet giggle and laugh hysterically another time. Real dangers, such as moving vehicles or heights, may be ignored, yet the same child might seem frightened of a harmless object, such as a particular stuffed animal.